Valparaiso. Portillo Pass. Sagacity of mules. Mountain-torrents. Mines, how discovered. Proofs of the gradual elevation of the Cordillera. Effect of snow on rocks. Geological structure of the two main ranges, their distinct origin and upheaval. Great subsidence. Red snow. Winds. Pinnacles of snow. Dry and clear atmosphere. Electricity. Pampas. Zoology of the opposite sides of the Andes. Locusts. Great Bugs. Mendoza. Uspallata Pass. Silicified trees buried as they grew. Incas Bridge. Badness of the passes exaggerated. Cumbre. Casuchas. Valparaiso.
PASSAGE OF THE CORDILLERA. MARCH 7, 1835.
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